Abstract
In this paper, we first propose a mathematical model of the nutrient cycle in aquatic ecosystems for studying eutrophication in bodies of water. The values of the system parameters are determined on the basis of the observed data at Lake Biwa in 1976. Then, by regarding the influent nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations as the control variables of the system, an optimization problem is proposed for preventing eutrophication in bodies of water. Some numerical results of the optimization problem are obtained, which tells us that the influent nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations should be small in the summer season and they may be large in the winter season.
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