An Evolution Review in Solar Photovoltaic Materials

Abstract

The sensitivity towards the environmental concerns among the humans is picking up the pace. An energy source, which meets the development goals without compromising with this source for the next generation, is the need of the current time. Renewable energy sources are the only solution of this problem. Solar energy is the most abundant form of renewable energy. Since the last decade, the solar energy generation costs have shown a sharp decline. There are many reasons include use of better materials, improved technologies and increased efficiencies of the solar panels. This paper discusses about various solar photovoltaic (SPV) materials being used throughout the globe. A brief description of both, the fully developed and under-developing PV material technologies has been provided. This paper covered the different topics such as the structures of the conventionally used PV cells and their laboratory efficiencies. Various manufacturing processes of each cell have also been highlighted. This paper will provide an overview of current scenario of the PV materials to the industrialists, scientists and manufacturers. Thus, this paper gives the clearer picture in the direction of improvement and innovations in SPV materials as well.