MODELING AND SIMULATION OF PHOTOVIOLTAIC CELL WITH MATLAB FOR DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE AND DIFFERENT SOLAR RADIATION

Abstract

In this paper the photovoltaic (PV) effect is studied for different. Environment parameters (solar radiation and temperature). The PV effect was first studied in solids, such as selenium, in the 1870. In the 1980, selenium solar-cell was built exhibited 1%-2% efficiency in converting light to electricity. In the 1920 and 1930, quantum mechanics laid the theoretical foundation for our present understanding of PV cells. In the 2012 a photovoltaic cell could convert into power 15% of the sun hitting energy. As of 2017, typical PV panels produce around 265 W of power and photovoltaic cell efficiency is closer to 20%. In the 2018 PV panels produce around 320 W. The efficiency of solar panels (Sun Power- the best solar panel) in 2019 is 22.2%. People use solar energy for transforming solar power into electricity. Solar energy is part of renewable energy and this type of energy is clean and free from environmental damage. Modern research focuses on the renewable energy sources such as solar energy. Solar energy can be converted in to electricity by using photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic system is a mechanism that allows the transformation of solar radiation into electricity (convert photon energy into the form of electrical signals in a PN silicon junction or other material) that we can use for our needs, for example in the electricity supply of an apartment or in the electricity supply of electricity distribution operators in public networks. The PV cells have nonlinear nature, so numerical methods are preferred in these cases. In this research, MATLAB used to get the power-versus-voltage characteristics curves for photovoltaic cells. These curves used to calculate the specifications of a photovoltaic cell system such as short circuit current, open circuit voltage, power and maximum power. Equivalent circuit of photovoltaic cell and mathematical model for photovoltaic cell and array are examined in this research. The numerical results are shown in the graph. In this study, PV cell specification characteristic curves current-voltage and power-voltage have been obtained for different temperature at constant irradiance and different irradiance at constant temperature. From this graphs we can see the effect of irradiance and temperature on the current and voltage. Finally, we have presented power-voltage characteristic curves of photovoltaic cell for different irradiance in Durres.