Abstract
The present study aimed at isolation of endophytic basidiomycetous fungi and evaluation of their in-vitro and in-vivo antidiabetic potential. Preliminary screening for in-vitro activity was carried out using α-glucosidase inhibition assay. An endophytic isolate Sch1 (isolated from Aloe vera), identified to be Schizophyllum commune Fr. on molecular basis, exhibiting more than 90% α-glucosidase inhibitiory activity was selected for further studies. Detailed in-vivo investigations for antidiabetic potential of ethyl acetate extract of S. commune (Sch1), at two different doses, were carried out in streptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar rats. Treatment of diabetic rats with S. commune extract caused significant decrease in blood glucose level and increase in body weight after 14 days experimental period. It significantly restored renal parameters including creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, fractional excretion of sodium, and potassium level in diabetic rats. Improvement in lipid profile and level of antioxidant parameters viz. reduced glutathione, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, and superoxide anion generation was also observed after treatment. Liver enzymes (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminases, and alkaline phosphatase) homeostasis was found to be markedly improved in diabetic rats administered with S. commune extract. The effects were more pronounced at higher concentration and comparable to acarbose which was used as positive control. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenolics and terpenoids in the ethyl acetate extract. This is the first report highlighting the therapeutic potential of an endophytic S. commune in the management of diabetes.
Highlights
Endophytes are microorganisms that reside within the living plant tissues for a variable period of their life without causing any symptomatic infection (Petrini 1991)
Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi In this study, an attempt was made to isolate endophytic basidiomycetes on medium supplemented with benomyl
Effect of S. commune extract on renal parameters The present study considered the level of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), potassium, and Fractional excretion of sodium (FeNa) to measure the performance of the kidney
Summary
Endophytes are microorganisms that reside within the living plant tissues for a variable period of their life without causing any symptomatic infection (Petrini 1991) They have become the focus of attraction as a potent group of microorganisms able to synthesize diverse group of bioactive compounds. One of the therapeutic approaches approved for the management of diabetes mellitus is the use of α-glucosidase inhibitors. By virtue of their ability to modulate the activity of carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes, α-glucosidase inhibitors can help to control post-prandial hyperglycemia. Endophytic basidiomycetes were isolated and preliminary screening for their antidiabetic potential was conducted using in-vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory assay. After screening an endophytic culture, identified to be Schizophyllum commune Fr., possessing high in-vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was selected and evaluated for its in-vivo antidiabetic effect in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats
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