Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective:To investigate the anti-hyperglycemic effects of Plathymenia reticulata hydroalcoholic extract and related changes in body weight, lipid profile and the pancreas.Methods:Diabetes was induced in 75 adult male Wistar rats via oral gavage of 65mg/Kg of streptozotocin. Rats were allocated to one of 8 groups, as follows: diabetic and control rats treated with water, diabetic and control rats treated with 100mg/kg or 200mg/kg of plant extract, and diabetic and control rats treated with glyburide. Treatment consisted of oral gavage for 30 days. Blood glucose levels and body weight were measured weekly. Animals were sacrificed and lipid profile and pancreatic tissue samples analyzed. Statistical analysis consisted of ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey-Kramer, paired Student's t and χ 2 tests; the level of significance was set at 5%.Results:Extract gavage at 100mg/kg led to a decrease in blood glucose levels in diabetic rats in the second, third (198.71±65.27 versus 428.00±15.25) and fourth weeks (253.29±47.37 versus 443.22±42.72), body weight loss (13.22±5.70 versus 109.60±9.95) and lower cholesterol levels (58.75±3.13 versus 80.11±4.01) in control rats. Extract gavage at 200mg/Kg led to a decrease in glucose levels on the fourth week in diabetic rats, body weight loss in the second, third and fourth weeks in control rats, and lower cholesterol levels in diabetic and control rats. Islet hyperplasia (p=0.005) and pancreatic duct dilation (p=0.047) were observed in diabetic and control rats.Conclusion: Plathymenia extract reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic rats, and body weight in control rats, and promoted pancreatic islet hyperplasia in diabetic and control rats.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus, one of the most common chronic diseases, affects more than 245 million people worldwide and is the fourth or fifth leading cause of death in developing countries
The plant known by the common name vinhático, a tree belonging to the genus Plathymenia Benth, has been studied and two species described: P. reticulata Benth and Plathymenia foliolosa Benth.[8]. A third species, Plathymenia modest Burk, has been reported and grows in Argentina, according to Rizzini.[9]. According to Corrêa et al,(10) the scientific name of P. reticulata Benth is “Chrysoxylon vinhatico casar”
Induction of diabetes Animals were submitted to a 24-hour fasting period, treated with intraperitoneal injection of 65mg/kg of aqueous streptozotocin solution, which was previously prepared in 10mmol/L sodium citrate buffer.[15,16] Blood glucose level monitoring was started 7 days after diabetes induction; tests were performed on blood samples collected from the caudal vein using Accu-Chek Performa
Summary
One of the most common chronic diseases, affects more than 245 million people worldwide and is the fourth or fifth leading cause of death in developing countries. Increased survival of diabetic individuals led to higher odds of chronic disease-related complications resulting from time of exposure to hyperglycemia. These complications can be highly debilitating to affected individuals, with reduced life expectancy and quality of life, not to mention the cost burden on the health system.[3]. Plathymenia reticulata Benth, of the Leguminosae family, is a typical plant of the Cerrado, rich in phenolic compounds such as tannins and flavonoids. Antezana[11] refers to P. reticulata Benth as P. foliolosa Benth
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