AN ECLECTIC TREND IN PRODUCTS OF JOZEPH MARSHAK'S JEWELRY FACTORY ON EXAMPLE OF A SILVER TEA AND COFFEE SET, EXIBITED AT THE ALL-RUSSIAN EXIBITION IN KIEV IN 1913

Abstract

The subject of research is the legacy of Joseph Abramovich Marshak – famous Kiev jeweler and owner of a jewelry enterprise, whose period of activity covers 1878–1918. Among the large number of jewelry made during the forty years of the factory's operation, it should be noted products that correspond to the stylistic trends of the era of historicism, in particular, the silver tea and coffee set, exhibited at the All-Russian Exhibition in Kiev in 1913. The main task of this work is to investigate artful language of eclecticism, expressiveness of which allowed artists of J. Marshak's era to combine decorative heritage and semantic interpretation from Antiquity to beginning of the 20th century. Methodology of this work is based on general scientific principles of historicism and an art history approach. They were realized through the use of following general scientific research methods: otnological, hermeneutic, semiotic, cultural, cross-cultural, iconographic, typologization and art history analysis. Scope of results application outlines teaching activities in specialized educational institutions in formation of plans for art and cultural disciplines, jewelry attribution by Kiev jewelers of marked period, writing scientific and popular scientific works, reference books, encyclopedias, textbooks. Main conclusion: features of jewelry artistic language, which were presented in the tea and coffee set, produced in eclectic style at the Joseph Marshak's factory are revealed. Importance of active exhibition activity and its connection with improvement of stylistic solutions in the jewelry production is displayed. It has been established that eclecticism was given priority in comparison with other stylistic directions at the basis of creative developments at J. Marshak's factory.Key words: jewelry, eclecticism, Joseph Marshak, late 19th – early 20th century.