An analysis of the emerging role of social media in human trafficking

The Tragedy and Horror of Human Trafficking of Children and Youth

Health Care Professionals Learn Signs of Human Trafficking

Abstract: Human trafficking is an illegal practice that involves the exploitation of individuals for commercial purposes. Many minors are victims of human trafficking, including in Sidoarjo. Law enforcement officials, including the police, play an important role in dealing with victims of human trafficking. This study aims to discuss the role of the Sidoarjo City Resort Police (POLRESTA) in dealing with victims of human trafficking from the perspective of Islamic law. This research is a field research conducted at the Sidoarjo Police. Data was collected from observations, interviews, and documentation. The collected data is analyzed descriptively with a deductive mindset. The results of the study show that the Sidoarjo Police have an important role in handling victims of human trafficking. The efforts made by the Sidoarjo Police for victims of human trafficking are to accompany victims and provide safe houses. In addition, to handle the crime of human trafficking in Sidoarjo, the Sidoarjo police are making prevention efforts and repressive efforts. Prevention efforts include socialization, while repressive efforts are monitored, field operations, and the application of punishments. In Islamic law, the role played by the Sidoarjo police is closely related to the benefit. The protection of victims of human trafficking is closely related to the benefits of protecting the soul in maqasid al-shari'ah. Meanwhile, preventive efforts are related to maintaining the intellect (hifz al-aql), and repressive efforts are related to preserving the soul (hifs al-nafs). Keywords: human trafficking, children, victims, maslahah, maqasid al-syari'ah. Abstrak: Human trafficking adalah praktek ilegal yang melibatkan eksploitasi individu untuk tujuan komersial. Banyak anak di bawah umur yang menjadi korban human trafficking termasuk di Sidoarjo. Aparat penegak hukum, diantaranya polisi, berperan penting dalam menangani korban human trafficking. Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas tentang peran Kepolisian Resor Kota (POLRESTA) Sidoarjo dalam menangani korban human trafficking perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan yang dilakukan di Polresta Sidoarjo. Data dikumpulkan dari hasil observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan pola pikir deduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Polresta Sidoarjo memiliki peran yang penting dalam menangani korban human trafficking. Upaya yang dilakukan Polresta Sidoarjo bagi korban human trafficking adalah dengan mendampingi korban dan memberikan rumah aman. Selain itu, untuk menangani tindak pidana human trafficking di Sidoarjo, polresta Sidoarjo melakukan upaya pencegahan dan upaya represif. Upaya pencegahan meliputi sosialisasi sedangkan upaya represif dengan melakukan pemantauan, operasi lapangan, dan penerapan hukuman. Dalam hukum Islam peran yang dilakukan polresta Sidoarjo berkaitan erat dengan kemaslahatan. Perlindungan terhadap korban human trafficking berkaitan erat dengan kemaslahatan menjaga jiwa dalam maqasid al-syari’ah. Sedangkan upaya prefentif berkaitan dengan menjaga akal (hifz al-aql) dan upaya represif berkaitan dengan menjaga jiwa (hifs al-nafs). Kata kunci: human trafficking, anak, korban, maslahah, maqasid al-syari’ah.

Indonesia is a country that attracts the attention of foreigners to visit Indonesia. The number of foreign enthusiasts to visit the territory of Indonesia makes immigration a gateway for a country that is very picky in allowing foreigners to enter Indonesia. procedures that are deemed too difficult, individuals appear who can make it easier for foreigners to enter Indonesian territory. because of this, many people take advantage of it to gain profits by committing crimes in the form of human trafficking and people smuggling. This study describes the handling of foreigners who are victims of human trafficking and people smuggling in accordance with existing laws and regulations. In addition, the implementation of statutory regulations in terms of handling foreigners who become victims of trafficking in persons and people smuggling has been carried out by the Immigration Office in the form of placing foreigners in the Immigration Detention Center or other designated places without being subject to Immigration Administrative Actions and also different handling with detainees for other cases, as well as managing files and data from victims of trafficking in persons and people smuggling so that they can be immediately repatriated to their countries of origin. In repatriating victims to their countries of origin, immigration cooperates with the ministry of foreign affairs to coordinate with state representatives in Indonesia.

The paper reviews recent developments in the system of protection, assistance and support of victims of human trafficking in Serbia. The establishment of the Agency for Co-ordination of Protection of Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings in 2003, the issuing of the Instruction on Conditions for Obtaining Temporary Residence Permit for Foreign Citizens — Victims of Trafficking in Human Beings by the Minister of Interior in 2004, and the adoption of the Strategy to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings in the Republic of Serbia in 2006 are important steps forward. Notable improvement has been achieved in the protection of victims as injured parties/witnesses in criminal proceedings. However, despite the respectable efforts made so far, further improvements to the system and mechanisms of victim protection in Serbia are still needed, particularly in terms of developing support for and protection of child victims.

Human trafficking, or modern-day slavery, is a global problem with broad reach that is often underrecognized in the United States. Victims of trafficking have been found in a wide range of legal and illegal business settings, and this frequently hidden population is most often exploited in the commercial sex industry, agriculture, factories, hotels, restaurants, as domestic workers, and by marriage brokers and some adoption firms. Human trafficking disproportionately affects underserved women and children, with more than 70% of trafficking cases involving women and girls and more than 90% of victims trafficked into the sex industry. Obstetrician-gynecologists and other women's health care providers are well-situated to identify and assist victims of human trafficking. Many trafficked individuals present to outpatient obstetrics and gynecology clinics, community health centers, family planning clinics, urgent care centers, and adolescent medicine clinics, and one half of all female victims of sex trafficking have visited the emergency department while involved in sex trafficking. Obstetrician-gynecologists and other women's health care providers should be aware of human trafficking, recognize signs of human trafficking, and be prepared to assist patients who are victims or who have been victims of human trafficking. This Committee Opinion has been updated to include screening questions and indicators to identify victims of human trafficking, additional information regarding reporting obligations for suspected human trafficking, and additional resources for survivors of human trafficking.

Human trafficking, or modern-day slavery, is a global problem with broad reach that is often underrecognized in the United States. Victims of trafficking have been found in a wide range of legal and illegal business settings, and this frequently hidden population is most often exploited in the commercial sex industry, agriculture, factories, hotels, restaurants, as domestic workers, and by marriage brokers and some adoption firms. Human trafficking disproportionately affects underserved women and children, with more than 70% of trafficking cases involving women and girls and more than 90% of victims trafficked into the sex industry. Obstetrician-gynecologists and other women's health care providers are well-situated to identify and assist victims of human trafficking. Many trafficked individuals present to outpatient obstetrics and gynecology clinics, community health centers, family planning clinics, urgent care centers, and adolescent medicine clinics, and one half of all female victims of sex trafficking have visited the emergency department while involved in sex trafficking. Obstetrician-gynecologists and other women's health care providers should be aware of human trafficking, recognize signs of human trafficking, and be prepared to assist patients who are victims or who have been victims of human trafficking. This Committee Opinion has been updated to include screening questions and indicators to identify victims of human trafficking, additional information regarding reporting obligations for suspected human trafficking, and additional resources for survivors of human trafficking.

Victims of Human Trafficking: A Human Rights Perspective

Worldwide human trafficking, frequently referred to as “modern-day slavery,” is considered to be the third-largest criminal industry and one of the fastest-growing, surpassed only by arms and drug dealing. Human trafficking is a multi-faceted complex global issue that involves essentially all developed countries either as a source, transit or destination sites. It is the act of recruiting, receiving, and apprehending individuals using threat, coercion and or physical force for exploitation. This analytical review of the literature addressed existing research and literature on the current status of human trafficking. The victims of trafficking may access some healthcare organizations at some point in time during their captivity. Therefore, health professionals (e.g., advanced practice nurses, nurses) need to be able to screen, assess and identify certain clues and health conditions that are common to this population. Besides, to improve their health outcomes, this visit will be useful for their capture. The Holistic Model Based on Adequate Screening, Assessment and Interventions for Improving the Health Outcomes in Victims of Human Trafficking is a useful model for guiding health professionals in recognizing the relevance of abuse when victims present certain illnesses in diverse healthcare organizations. Strategies for improving the health outcomes for this group include: (a) adequate screening, assessment, and interventions and (b) more education for health professionals on assessing and recognizing victims of human trafficking. Policy development is needed in changing laws for the protection of victims of human trafficking around the globe.

Human Trafficking and the Emergency Nurse

Crimes no longer occur in their simple traditional form, as the development of human societies contributed to the development of crime and the creation of crimes that were not known before, and among these crimes is the crime of trafficking in human organs through the information system, which is one of the crimes that aided technical progress in the field of communications, information technology and the field of modern medicine to spread it; Organized criminal gangs took advantage of the facilities resulting from the development of information and communication technology to trade in human organs, which contributed to the creation of an electronic black market for human organs mafia gangs. The importance of this study stems from the fact that it is different from traditional crimes and is one of the issues emanating from technological progress and the development of organized crime. The study aims to clarify the provisions of the crime of trafficking in human organs through the information system, according to the comparative approach between the Saudi system and the UAE law. The results of the study showed that the Saudi regulator did not explicitly stipulate human organ trafficking in the cybercrime system, but was implicitly included as a form of criminal behavior for the crime of human trafficking in the Saudi human trafficking crime system, unlike the UAE law, which stipulates organ trafficking alongside human trafficking. According to the Saudi system, this crime is considered electronic if it occurs through the information network or a computer. In light of its results, the study concluded the following recommendations: 1. The Saudi cybercrime system explicitly provides for the criminalization of electronic trafficking in human organs as one of the forms of cybercrime, similar to its counterpart in UAE law. 2. Community awareness of the seriousness of this crime, the speed with which it is being investigated via the Internet, the ease with which offenders attract individuals, and financial reward for those who report or contribute to the commission of this crime.

Research on human trafficking has attracted increasing attention since the early 1980s and is extremely important as it highlights the problems and through it identifies the appropriate ways that can provide solutions. The object of this paper is the treatment of trafficking in human beings and in particular will focus on the sexual trafficking of minors. This topic is very current not only in Albania but also in the international arena (due to it’s nature) and requires the commitment of all states and international organizations to combat human trafficking and protect victims of trafficking as part of the field of human rights. Therefore, this topic is covered in section I of this conference. The research questions of this paper are: what does trafficking in human beings involve, what are the needs of the victims, what is the exploitation and sexual abuse of children, what are the consequences that trafficking leaves on children and why children are recruited. Numerous studies and studies have concluded that trafficking represents "a denial of the individual's rights to freedom, integrity, security and freedom of movement" Victims of human trafficking need, among other things, emotional support , family, health care and especially for reintegration into society. On the other hand, child sexual exploitation is a form of human trafficking and consists of adult sexual abuse and monetary or in-kind reward for the child or a third person or persons. and it is precisely the commercial element that separates sexual exploitation from other sexual crimes.Juveniles are recruited more easily because small victims are the most optimal, useful and lower cost, they are easy to be guided by traffickers and slave owners and to adapt to the new situation. Current studies show that some effects of Sex trafficking is sexually transmitted diseases, diseases and other infections, physical harm, substance abuse and malnutrition.
 
 Received: 05 May 2022 / Accepted: 18 May 2023 / Published: 20 May 2023

PurposeIn 2018, the National Human Trafficking hotline received 275 cases of human trafficking in Pennsylvania, a higher than average portion of the 10,949 human trafficking cases received for the USA. Whether human trafficking victims receive services or enter the criminal justice system as prostitution offenders depends on how police identify them, as police officers are usually the first to interact with human trafficking victims. Thus, understanding how police identify human trafficking is important. The purpose of the study is to explore Pennsylvania police perceptions of human trafficking.Design/methodology/approachScenarios were presented in a survey to 489 Pennsylvania police officers.FindingsPolice training improved officer identification of human trafficking (vs prostitution) involving older victims. Officers with more tenure were less likely to identify older victims of human trafficking than officers with less tenure. However, older officers were better able to successfully identify older (i.e. age 25 years) victims of human trafficking, but officer age had no effect on identifying younger (i.e. age 15 years) victims of human trafficking. The implications are discussed in the study.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature by testing (1) whether training affects police ability to identify human trafficking victims in a scenario, controlling for other factors and (2) whether victim age affects officer identification of human trafficking victims. More officers correctly identified younger victims of human trafficking when force was explicitly stated, but more officers misidentified younger victims when force was not explicitly stated and older victims when force was explicitly stated.

The Transnational Illegal Market of Trafficking in Human Beings – Actors and Discourses: A Transatlantic Comparison

This study investigated psychosocial predictors of involvement of women as victims of human trafficking using. This descriptive study had four independent variables- “coping strategies”, “self-esteem” “risk taking attitude” and “social support”. The dependent variable was involvement of women as victims of trafficking in persons. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 300 participants from Lagos and Ogun States for this study. Four survey instruments were adopted in this study – The Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL), Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Domain–Specific Risk-Taking Attitude Scale (RAS) and Involvement in Trafficking in Person Scale (ITPS) was developed by this researcher Two hypotheses were tested and findings indicated significant combined and relative contributions of psychosocial factors identified as predictors of involvement of women as victims of trafficking in persons. These findings emphasized the roles of communities in preventing rather than punishing the crime of human trafficking .The young girls that were denied necessary social support either perceived or tangible might have high propensity to take risk, have poor self esteem and adopt emotional coping strategies. This situation coupled with high level of poverty serve as plausible to fall prey or enticed by the bait of traffickers. It was recommended that various government agencies and parastatal should ensure enforcement of compulsory universal basic education, discourage disparity against girl child education and educate family exposing children to danger through cultural practices such as child fostering. Gender and Behaviour Vol. 6 (1) 2008: pp. 1480-1493