An analysis of modality in Chinese courtroom discourse

Abstract

This paper analyzes modality in Chinese courtroom discourse, using the audio recording transcripts of eight court trials as data. Based on the findings, four major types of modal expressions are used by courtroom participants: modal verbs, modal adjuncts, interpersonal metaphors, and personal pronouns. In general, powerful courtroom participants tend to use a powerful style of speech and avoid powerless words in terms of attitude expression whereas powerless participants use less powerful styles. Specifically, judges' (i.e., powerful participants) expressions of modality help them clarify rights and duties as well as realize the functions of regulation, permission, authorization and prohibition whereas those employed by powerless (non-institutional) participants generally have a negative impact on the credibility of their statements and the accuracy of the meanings they want to express.