Agrotechnical indicators of working bodies for tillage of fallow fields in summer

Abstract

The article discusses the options of working bodies for tillage of steam fields in the summer. These studies are aimed at obtaining agrotechnical indicators of the technological process of tillage of steam fields. In particular, the design of the working body in the form of a flat one-sided paw is proposed. Laboratory and field studies were carried out to determine the qualitative indicators of the technological process of fine tillage, with all variants of working bodies. During the research, such indicators were established as: the optimal (recommended) speed of the unit, the depth of tillage by working bodies, the width of the unit (working), the average square deviation in the depth of processing and the width of the grip. The aggregate composition of the soil was assessed by fractions, the content of erosive-hazardous particles before and after the passage of the unit, pruning or destruction of weeds and the ridge of the field surface after the passage of the unit. Data on the dynamics of soil moisture after several treatments of steam fields with various variants of working bodies were obtained. As a result of the research, it was found that the working body in the form of a flat one-sided paw, in comparison with the working body of a serial steam cultivator, allows to reduce the depth of processing by 1.6 cm (up to 5.2 cm), to reduce the value of the combiness of the treated surface by 2.4-3.4 cm, while ensuring complete pruning of weeds both annual and perennial. The variants of working bodies considered in the article for processing steam fields in the summer and the studies carried out to determine their quality indicators will allow creating machine-technological units for promising mechanized technologies of tillage in arid agriculture.