Abstract
Breeding programs and later indication of rust resistant cultivars for different environments and crops systems, in the concept of diseases integrated control, reach out for productivity raising and reduced production costs. The aim of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance and adaptability of new <em> Coffea arabica </em> cultivars and progenies resistant to leaf rust in Central Brazilian Savanna. The experiment has been conducted since 2008 in an experimental area of Embrapa Hortaliças. Twenty three resistant cultivars, four progenies and three susceptible cultivars as controls, were assessed in a complete randomized block design with four replicates. The following traits were analyzed: plant height, stem diameter, canopy projection, number of plagiotropic branches, yield, grains percentage retained in sieves above 17, grain ripening and diseases resistance. Catucaí 2SL, Sacramento and Araponga stood out in vegetative growth. The highest yields are observed for IPR 103, Obatã 1669-20, Palma II, Sabiá 398 and Acauã, with values higher than 60 sacks per hectare. Among all these cultivars is observed high resistance to rust leaf and greater susceptibility to brown eye spot in the cultivar Acauã, for the place and period of evaluation.
Highlights
Brazil is the world’s largest producer and exporter of coffee, with a production of about 49 million bags processed in 2016, 81% of which represented by arabica coffee (Coffea arabica)
The area cultivated with C. arabica was about 1.76 million hectares, of which 86% is in production and the remaining in stage of growth (COMPANHIA NACIONAL DE ABASTECIMENTO - CONAB, 2016)
The result of the analysis of variance for productivity in three biennia showed that all sources of variation were significant at 5% at the F test (Table 2)
Summary
Brazil is the world’s largest producer and exporter of coffee, with a production of about 49 million bags processed in 2016, 81% of which represented by arabica coffee (Coffea arabica). The area cultivated with C. arabica was about 1.76 million hectares, of which 86% is in production and the remaining in stage of growth (COMPANHIA NACIONAL DE ABASTECIMENTO - CONAB, 2016). The crop has potential for expansion in regions such as the savanna of the central plateau, due to favorable weather conditions, topography that allows using machines in the production system, with the possibility of achieving high productivity and quality, besides reducing production costs (FERNANDES et al; 2012). Coffee leaf rust was found in the country in 1970 and soon spread out to lots of coffee regions. 50% of the production (GARÇON et al, 2004). Its damages are mainly indirect ones, resulting in defoliation, smaller setting of flowers, lower setting of pinhead fruits, and drying of plagiotropic branches, compromising in some cases over
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