Abstract
In recent years, several new coffee cultivars recommended for different regions have been released. However, the performance of these varieties in many traditionally producing regions is unknown. Difference of climate and soil may jeopardize the productivity of the new cultivars and cause losses to farmers. The objective of this study is to evaluate the vegetative growth and productive genotypes of C. arabica in the conditions of the Northwestern Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The experiment was settled in 2007, in Panorama 1 Farm, located in the municipality of Varre Sai, RJ. Twenty-five genotypes of C. arabica were planted in a spacing of 2.5 × 0.8 m, using a completely randomized design with five replications and eight plants per plot. There were eight measurements of vegetative growth represented by plant height, stem diameter and number of plagiotropic branches. Assessments of productivity were also performed in years 2009 and 2010. There was a positive phenotypic correlation among vegetative characteristics and between vegetative characteristics and yield in the first harvest, while in the second harvest only the number of plagiotropic branches was positively correlated with yield. Up to date, the genotypes Catucaí amarelo 2 SL, Catiguá MG 02, Acauã, Palma II, Sabiá 398, IPR 103/ Iapar, IPR 100/Iapar, H 419-10-6-2-12-1, Catucaí amarelo 24 / 137, Iapar 59, Catucaí amarelo 20/15, H 419-10-6-2-5-10-1 and H 419-10-6-2-5-1 had the highest average yield after two harvests.
Highlights
The state of Rio de Janeiro, is currently facing difficulties in promoting the expansion of coffee cropping area
This study aims to evaluate the vegetative and production characteristics of 25 genotypes of arabica coffee in the Northwest region of Rio de Janeiro state
The genotype Bourbon Amarelo LCJ 10 was in the group of the highest means (Table 3)
Summary
The state of Rio de Janeiro, is currently facing difficulties in promoting the expansion of coffee cropping area. The Public Policies of incentive, as well as the transmission of technology from research companies to the extension organs coupled with the willingness of farmers to change the current scenario is essential for the expansion of cropped area and increase the productivity of coffee in the state. In Brazil, from 1999 to 2011, 105 improved cultivars of coffee were made available to farmers (Brasil, 2011) Of this total, 49 have vertical or horizontal resistance to H. vastatrix (Castillo, 1989; Alvarado, 2005) and some are resistant to M. exigua, which is found in more than 50% of the crops of the state of Rio de Janeiro, where they cause yield losses of up to 45% (Barbosa et al, 2004)
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