Agrochemical monitoring of the basic landscape components

Abstract

The materials of article had been reported at the International Symposium "Nutritional and environmental Research in the 21st Century - The value of long-term field experiments", 5-7 June 2002, Bad Lauchstädt and Halle upon Saale. Agrochemical monitoring of the basic landscape components was launched in order to assess human impacts of land-use on the site of Barybino Experimental Station (Moscow Region, clay loam soddy-podzolic soils. 55°30'N, 37° 36' E). The climate is moderate continental, mean annual temperature of 3.8 °C and mean precipitation of 567 mm (1965-1998) at an elevation of 185 m above sea level. A typical soil cover pattern is represented as a complex of soddy-podzolic soils (podzo-luvisols) with excessive surface moistening features manifested differently according to the influence of the micro relief. The study was carried out from 1991 to 2001 in a crop rotation of silo maize, barley, perennial grasses (clover with timothy) and winter wheat, under different systems of fertilization (application of organic as well as mineral fertilizers, plant remedies and their combinations). Agrochemical monitoring let to establish the anthropogenic impacts on the system "soil-nutrients-plant"-environment. Alterations of the landscape components affected by human activities and climate change were estimated. At the site it could be shown that the amount of precipitation, soil properties and type of cultivated crop had mainly influenced migration of the nutrient elements.