Advancements In Diagnostics, Treatments and Precision Medicines of Lyme Diseases – A Review

Abstract

The incidence of Lyme disease, which is caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted by ticks in 77% of cases, has significantly increased. Skin rashes, neurological, dermatological, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal problems are all brought on by the illness. Ten to twenty percent of individuals with post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS) do not improve after receiving treatment. It is essential to comprehend the traits of Borrelia burgdorferi in order to create Lyme disease diagnostic equipment and treatments. Since North America has the highest prevalence of infected black-legged ticks, the disease is spread by their bite. Preventing health issues requires early detection and treatment. Lyme disease is diagnosed using diagnostic methods such as PCR, qPCR, RT-PCR, NAATs, NGS, and multiplex PCR panels. Lyme arthritis treatment, longer courses of oral antibiotics, intravenous antibiotics, and post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome are among the treatments available. Precision medicine, also known as customized medicine, tries to modify medical judgments and treatments for specific patients in light of their distinctive genetic makeup, way of life, and environment. The future treatment of Lyme disease will comprise better diagnostic equipment, sophisticated imaging methods, precision medicine, individualized vaccination plans, and patient-centered research.