Abstract
While the symptomatic expression of ADHD, as defined by current diagnostic standards (APA, 1994), has been shown to generally decline in adolescence and adulthood (Biederman, Faraone, & Mick, 2000), there seems to be a developing consensus that a portion of this population will continue to exhibit above–threshold clinical symptoms and adaptive impairment related to ADHD into their adult years (ADHD Consensus Group, 2002; Biederman et al., 1996). For example, adults with ADHD tend to exhibit lower educational attainment (Mannuzza, Klein, Bessler, Malloy, & LaPadula, 1993), employment instability (Murphy & Barkley, 1996), more frequent motor vehicle accidents and violations (Barkley, Murphy, & Kwasnik, 1996), and higher rates of antisocial and/or criminal activity (Rasmussen & Gillberg, 2000).
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