Addressing Knowledge Gaps on Surgical Site Infections: A Multi-Center Study in District Hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) pose significant global health challenges, increasing mortality and healthcare costs. Effective prevention of SSIs is imperative for ensuring patient safety and maintaining high-quality surgical care standards. Objective: To evaluate the knowledge levels of SSIs and associated wound infection risks among surgical staff in district hospitals throughout Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Methods: A comprehensive 20-item multiple-choice questionnaire was developed collaboratively with certified surgeons and based on extensive literature review. The survey assessed knowledge concerning SSIs and related risk factors among a diverse group of surgical staff, including consultants, specialists, residents, and medical interns, at various district hospitals. Results: Out of 250 participants, the distribution by job role was as follows: 132 interns (52.8%), 50 resident doctors (20%), 20 surgical technologists (8%), 33 surgical technicians (13.2%), and 15 specialist doctors (6%). Overall, 113 participants (45.2%) correctly identified the definition of an SSI. Regarding knowledge levels, 50 participants (20%) demonstrated good knowledge, 166 (66.4%) had fair knowledge, and 34 (13.6%) showed poor knowledge about SSIs. Conclusion: The study identifies critical gaps in the knowledge of surgical staff at district hospitals in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa concerning SSIs. These findings underline the necessity for targeted educational interventions to elevate knowledge levels, enhance patient safety, and advance infection control practices.