Adaptive demand-side management in smart grid with plug-in electric vehicle

Abstract

In the present scenario, it is the demand of each and every citizen of a smart city to get a cheaper and sustainable service. The costly and environment unfriendly fossil fuel, have shifted attention towards electric vehicles (EV). But to get an appropriate charging station in context to optimal pricing, location and happiness factor are a major concern. In this paper, energy trading with optimal pricing scheme along with the happiness factor for EV owners and charging stations (CS) has been proposed. This scheme suggests the best possible charging station to an EV owner in terms of minimum price with the nearest location by using expenditure function. The happiness factor of EV is calculated which represent his satisfaction level with energy trading deal. The proposed scheme also consider the happiness factor of charging station on the basis of optimum utilization of its resources. The pricing scheme appropriately considers the time of charging, occupancy at the CS, amount of charging required, location of charging station and type of EV. The objective function develop is solved using an optimization model based on fuzzy logic.