Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities of Lamiaceae medicinal plants growing wild in Croatia. Using Ellman’s colorimetric assay all tested ethanolic extracts and their hydroxycinnamic acid constituents demonstrated in vitro AChE inhibitory properties in a dose dependent manner. The extracts of Mentha x piperita, M. longifolia, Salvia officinalis, Satureja montana, Teucrium arduini, T. chamaedrys, T. montanum, T. polium and Thymus vulgaris at 1 mg/mL showed strong inhibitory activity against AChE. The antioxidant potential of the investigated Lamiaceae species was assessed by DPPH• scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity assays, in comparison with hydroxycinnamic acids and trolox. The extracts differed greatly in their total hydroxycinnamic derivatives content, determined spectrophotometrically. Rosmarinic acid was found to be the predominant constituent in most of the investigated medicinal plants (by RP-HPLC) and had a substantial influence on their AChE inhibitory and antioxidant properties, with the exception of Teucrium species. These findings indicate that Lamiaceae species are a rich source of various natural AChE inhibitors and antioxidants that could be useful in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s and other related diseases.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative disorder which is becoming a serious public health issue and a massive economic burden
The ethanolic extracts of 26 medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae family growing in Croatia were comparatively tested for their inhibitory activity against AChE at concentrations of 0.25, 0.50 and 1 mg/mL by in vitro Ellman’s method
Since Lamiaceae species were found to be rich in phenolic acids as active constituents that significantly contribute to their neuroprotective properties [7], the anti-AChE
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative disorder which is becoming a serious public health issue and a massive economic burden. Recent findings clearly indicate that oxidative damage is one of the earliest events in the pathogenesis of AD, so targeting oxidative stress could be considered beneficial in both its prevention and treatment [6] Owing to their richness in secondary metabolites that exhibit a remarkable diversity of both chemical structures and biological activities, medicinal plants are being recognized as promising sources of lead compounds for new drugs targeting neurodegenerative diseases [7,8,9]. Aiming to discover new and promising sources of potential anti-AD drugs, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the antiacetylcholinesterase and antioxidant properties of selected Croatian medicinal plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family
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