Abstract
This paper focuses on assessing the precision of carrier phase relative positioning using GPS-only, BDS-only and GPS/BDS measurements. A zero baseline is used in order to achieve this. Software for GPS and BDS processing has been developed, allowing static and kinematic data processing, as well as the combined GPS and BDS processing. Ionospheric and tropospheric delays are significantly reduced by double differencing between satellites and receivers, but the Multipath signals are still a major source of error for the various general GNSS baseline applications. In this paper, two Multi-GNSS receivers are connected to one antenna by an antenna splitter. This strategy results in all the delays or errors being mitigated, leaving only the random measurement noises resulted from the double difference processing. The time series of the final baseline error reveal that both GPS and BDS can achieve a precision of millimetres, but GPS performs better than BDS. Results from the combined processing of GPS and BDS demonstrate that the integration of GPS and BDS can significantly improve the precision, compared with the GPS-only and BDS-only results.
Highlights
China is developing its own version of GPS, called BDS (BeiDou satellite navigation System)
The five satellites known as C1, C2, C3, C4, C5 are located in Geostationary Earth Orbits (GEO); C6 to C10 are located in Inclined Geo-Synchronous Orbits (IGSO); the remainder are located in Medium Earth Orbits (MEO)
BDS is operational mainly over China and the surrounding area, with a plan for BDS to be fully international by 2020. Both the GEO and IGSO satellites are located over China, but the BDS MEO satellites can be tracked by users from non-Asia-Pacific regions
Summary
China is developing its own version of GPS, called BDS (BeiDou satellite navigation System). BDS is operational mainly over China and the surrounding area, with a plan for BDS to be fully international by 2020 Both the GEO and IGSO satellites are located over China, but the BDS MEO satellites can be tracked by users from non-Asia-Pacific regions. The BDS code measurements using 5 GEO, 5 IGSO and 4 MEO satellites’ carrier phase measurements were assessed in both static and kinematic positioning (Tang et al 2014; Tang 2014). Researchers have combined BDS with other satellite navigation systems in order to assess the short baseline ambiguity resolution reliability, and the availability in high cut-off elevation situation (He et al 2014; Deng et al 2013; Odolinski et al 2014; Teunissen et al 2014). This paper assesses the precision of GPS and BDS carrier phase positioning using the current constellations.
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