Abstract
An increase in atmospheric CO2 levels and global climate changes have led to an increased focus on CO2 capture mechanisms. The in situ quantification and spatial patterns of forest carbon stocks can provide a better picture of the carbon cycle and a deeper understanding of the functions and services of forest ecosystems. This study aimed to determine the aboveground (tree trunks) and belowground (soil and fine roots, at four depths) carbon stocks in a tropical forest in Brazil and to evaluate the spatial patterns of carbon in the three different compartments and in the total stock. Census data from a semideciduous seasonal forest were used to estimate the aboveground carbon stock. The carbon stocks of soil and fine roots were sampled in 52 plots at depths of 0-20, 20-40, 40-60, and 60-80 cm, combined with the measured bulk density. The total estimated carbon stock was 267.52 Mg ha-1, of which 35.23% was in aboveground biomass, 63.22% in soil, and 1.54% in roots. In the soil, a spatial pattern of the carbon stock was repeated at all depths analyzed, with a reduction in the amount of carbon as the depth increased. The carbon stock of the trees followed the same spatial pattern as the soil, indicating a relationship between these variables. In the fine roots, the carbon stock decreased with increasing depth, but the spatial gradient did not follow the same pattern as the soil and trees, which indicated that the root carbon stock was most likely influenced by other factors.
Highlights
The increase in atmospheric CO2 levels and global climate changes have led to an increased focus on CO2 capture mechanisms and increased efforts to reduce CO2 emissions, such as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation - REDD+ (Correa, Van der Hoff, & Rajão, 2019)
There is a negative relationship between soil density and depth as a result of the high organic matter content at the surface because organic matter is less dense than mineral grains (Hossain, Chen, & Zhang, 2015)
Soil and tree carbon stock have a moderate degree of spatial dependence, while the root carbon stock exhibits a weak degree of dependence
Summary
The increase in atmospheric CO2 levels and global climate changes have led to an increased focus on CO2 capture mechanisms and increased efforts to reduce CO2 emissions, such as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation - REDD+ (Correa, Van der Hoff, & Rajão, 2019). The potential to use soil organic carbon as an indicator of soil quality reinforces the importance of having appropriate techniques to accurately measure soil carbon concentrations and to adequately predict soil carbon storage (Franzluebbers, 2002; Bhattacharya et al, 2016). The soil carbon balance depends on the relationship between the addition of photosynthesized carbon by plants and carbon losses to the atmosphere resulting from the microbial oxidation of organic carbon into CO2 (King, 2011; Bhattacharya et al, 2016; Crowther et al, 2016). Studies have shown that the storage of organic carbon in soil and its dynamics are determined by factors such as climate, soil type and properties, plant cover, and management practices (Moore et al, 2018; Navarrete-Segueda et al, 2018; Shukla & Chakravarty, 2018)
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