Abstract
The oxygen content in the atmospheric air of cities, as well as in residential, office and industrial premises is the most important factor in the health and well-being of citizens. With high temperature and high absolute humidity of the surface air, the oxygen content in ambient air is minimal, and people may experience signs of hypoxia. In the industrial southern cities to which the city of Mariupol (Ukraine) belongs, there are additional factors that impede human breathing: higher (relative to the territory surrounding the city) air temperature and pollution of the atmosphere, including carbon monoxide and suspended particles. This results in conditions of abnormal heat and industrial emissions to an increase in the morbidity and mortality of the urban population. Accurate measurements of partial pressure and partial density of oxygen require special equipment and techniques, since the percentage of oxygen in ambient air is large enough, and its changes are relatively small. Most modern instruments used by urban atmospheric monitoring services are focused on measuring significant deviations of oxygen content from the norm. Air quality monitoring services do not usually measure the density of oxygen, apparently due to the implicit assumption of the negligible effect of changes in weather conditions on its content. In addition, the measurement of small changes in the oxygen content in the surface air is a rather complicated technical task. The paper presents an attempt to analytically determine the distribution of oxygen concentrations in the surface layers of the atmosphere around the places of oxygen runoff from the atmosphere at metallurgical enterprises of Mariupol, provides an analytical model based on the theory of "reverse flow" in a one-dimensional formulation of oxygen flow from the surface layer. The corresponding concentration contour lines were obtained at various distances from the oxygen sink sites. At the same time, the oxygen concentration decreases inversely with the distance from the drain, which makes it quite easy to estimate the distribution of concentrations in the surface layer of the atmosphere around the metallurgical enterprises at known coordinates of its drain points in calm weather. The spatial variability and episodes of anomalous oxygen content in the surface air are analyzed in the context of their possible effect on people's well-being.
Highlights
The oxygen content in the atmospheric air of cities, as well as in residential, office and industrial premises is the most important factor in the health and well-being of citizens
В то же время, в городских районах высокого риска, в жилых и служебных помещениях содержание кислорода в воздухе значительно меньше (20%), что приводит к возникновению у людей гипоксии
Ключові слова: атмосфера; металургійні комбінати; кисень; концентрація; шкідливі викиди; аномальна спека; самопочуття населення промислових міст; смертність населення
Summary
Справочник (справочные данные, модели). – Л.: Гидрометеоиздат, 1991. – 509 с. Ф. Овчарова // Климат и здоровье человека: Труды Международного симпозиума ВМО/ВОЗ/ЮНЕП СССР, Ленинград, 22–26 сент. Air pollution and associated human mortality: the role of air pollutant emissions, climate change and methane concentration increases from the preindustrial period to present / Y. Integrating ecology and society to navigate turbulence / L. P. The effects of human socioeconomic status and cultural characteristics on urban patterns of biodiversity / A. И. Лухтура // Вісник Приазовського державного технічного університету. Лухтура // Вісник Приазовського державного технічного університету. – 2015. – Вып. 30, Т. 1 (24). – С. 202-212
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