Abstract
Conventional power flow algorithms assume that the network resistances and reactances remain constant regardless of the weather and loading conditions. Although the impact of the weather in power flow analysis has been recently investigated via weather-dependent power flow (WDPF) approaches, the magnetic effects in the core of Aluminum Conductor Steel Reinforced (ACSR) conductors have not been explicitly considered. ACSR conductors are widely used in distribution networks. Therefore, this manuscript proposes a three-phase weather-dependent power flow algorithm for 4-wire multi-grounded unbalanced microgrids (MGs), which takes into consideration the impact of weather as well as the magnetic effects in the core of ACSR conductors. It is shown that the magnetic effects in the core can significantly influence the power flow results, especially for networks composed of single-layer ACSR conductors. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm explicitly considers the multi-grounded neutral conductor, thus it can precisely simulate unbalanced low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) networks. In addition, the proposed approach is generic and can be applied in both grid-connected and islanded networks. Simulations conducted in a 25-Bus unbalanced LV microgrid (MG) highlight the accuracy and benefit of the proposed approach, while its computation performance is tested in the IEEE 8500-Node network.
Highlights
POWER flow is a fundamental tool for several power system studies such as planning, design and operation, state estimation, contingency and stability analysis, etc
Inaccuracies resulting from the weather and magnetic effects are present in power flow (PF)
These algorithms present the advantage of more accurate evaluation of power system states, power losses, and power flows in the network
Summary
POWER flow is a fundamental tool for several power system studies such as planning, design and operation, state estimation, contingency and stability analysis, etc. The importance of incorporating weather conditions into the power flow analysis has been demonstrated in various literature studies [1]-[7] These algorithms present the advantage of more accurate evaluation of power system states, power losses, and power flows in the network. The algorithms presented in the existing literature do not fully consider the nonlinearities of line impedance as a result of the magnetic effects in the core of bare overhead conductors. A three-phase weather-dependent power flow to study 4-wire multi-grounded unbalanced MGs has not been proposed This manuscript proposes a more realistic modeling of unbalanced microgrids incorporating DGs and the effect of weather conditions as well as the nonlinear magnetic effects in the core of ACSR conductors.
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