A systematic review of the mechanical and durability properties of sustainable bacterial concrete

Abstract

In response to escalating ecological concerns, there is an unprecedented surge in demand for sustainable construction materials. These materials should necessitate minimal energy usage and generate the least possible carbon emissions. As a result, the construction industry has witnessed the emergence of modified concretes, incorporating industrial waste as a substitute for traditional concrete. This manuscript delves into innovative methodologies, promoting autogenous self-healing within concrete structures. This process is achieved through the clever integration of specific bacterial strains. Furthermore, the study explores the effects of incorporating various kinds of industrial waste, including fly ash, slag, and crystalline additives, on the concrete's overall performance. However, it has been observed that the enhanced fracture closure ensuing from the stimulated autogenous self-healing mechanisms doesn't invariably correlate with superior mechanical qualities or increased durability of the cracked samples. Therefore, it is imperative to implement performance-based evaluations while assessing cement-based materials. The paper also investigates the potential role of biological approaches in crafting sustainable construction materials. It discusses the impact of bio-based agents and bacterial solutions on numerous concrete parameters, shedding light on the determinants influencing the selection of bacteria. This burgeoning field of green biotechnology holds considerable promise. It offers an environmentally benign alternative to conventional remediation methods in diverse arenas, thereby providing a viable solution to mitigate a range of environmental issues.