Abstract
Our increasing dependence on information technologies and autonomous systems has escalated international concern for information- and cyber-security in the face of politically, socially and religiously motivated cyber-attacks. Information warfare tactics that interfere with the flow of information can challenge the survival of individuals and groups. It is increasingly important that both humans and machines can make decisions that ensure the trustworthiness of information, communication and autonomous systems. Subsequently, an important research direction is concerned with modelling decision-making processes. One approach to this involves modelling decision-making scenarios as games using game theory. This paper presents a survey of information warfare literature, with the purpose of identifying games that model different types of information warfare operations. Our contribution is a systematic identification and classification of information warfare games, as a basis for modelling decision-making by humans and machines in such scenarios. We also present a taxonomy of games that map to information warfare and cyber crime problems as a precursor to future research on decision-making in such scenarios. We identify and discuss open research questions including the role of behavioural game theory in modelling human decision making and the role of machine decision-making in information warfare scenarios.
Highlights
Game-theory is a mathematical language for describing strategic interactions and their likely outcomes [1]
This paper presents a taxonomy of games that map to information warfare and cyber crime problems, as a precursor to future research on decision-making in such scenarios
Future Internet 2016, 8, 34 warfare covers diverse domains including the military, economic, politics, engineering and computer science, we identified the literature from journals in a range of disciplines
Summary
Game-theory is a mathematical language for describing strategic interactions and their likely outcomes [1]. A number of review papers have been written to cover game-theoretic approaches to different categories of information warfare. This shows a need for a comprehensive review of game-theoretic approaches across a range of information warfare related topics This survey aims at addressing this gap and provides a comprehensive coverage of different areas of information warfare where game-theoretic approaches have been proposed. The identification of existing literature related to game theory and information warfare topics was based on a keyword search. We considered “game theory”, “espionage”, and “nation” as combined keywords when we searched about intelligent-based warfare and considered “game theory”, “radio jamming”, and “government” when we searched studies that fall under electronic warfare Other subtopics such as “cyber-warfare”, “cyber-crimes”, “cyber-bullying”, and other related cyber-events were taken into account as relevant keywords.
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