Abstract
2003년 이후 우리나라 범죄 발생이 한해 200만 건을 넘어서는 등 범죄가줄어들지 않는 실정 속에서 한정된 경찰력에 의존한 범죄예방은 한계를 드러내고 있다. 중앙정부와 지방자치단체에서는 한정적인 경찰력에 의한 단속, 범죄자의 처벌과 교육 등 공공의 역할만으로는 범죄가 해소되기에는 한계가 있음을 인식하여 범죄예방 환경디자인(CPTED)을 범죄예방 방안으로 수용하여 사업을 추진하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 2016년 강남역 화장실 묻지마 살인사건 이후 중앙정부와 지방자치단체(이하 지자체)에서 추진한 국내 범죄예방 환경디자인 사업사례를 검토하여, 사업추진의 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 또한, 범죄예방 환경디자인 사업을 담당하고 있는 공무원과 경찰의 범죄예방진단팀이 범죄예방 환경디자인 사업에 대해 어떠한 인식 차이를 보이는지 살펴보고자 한다. 사업의 시사점과 사업 주체의 인식 차이 고찰을 통해 범죄예방 차원에서 적극적으로 도입하려는 범죄예방 환경디자인 사업의 효율적 추진방안을 제안하고자 한다. 첫째. 지자체는 사업을 추진하는데 필요한 조직구조 및 필요 인력을 확보하고, 충분한 사업예산을 확보하여야 한다. 둘째. 사업의 모든 단계에 지자체와 경찰이 정보를 교환하고 협력하여야 한다. 셋째. 범죄예방 환경디자인 사업의 협업체계를 구축하면서, 참여 주체의 역할 및 책임을 명확히 할 필요가 있다. 넷째. 범죄예방 환경디자인 사업의 추진성과를 적극적으로 홍보함으로써 지역주민들이범죄예방 환경디자인의 효과성을 분명하게 인식할 수 있도록 하여야 한다. 다섯째. 범죄예방 환경디자인은 안전한 도시환경 조성이라는 관점에서 필수적인개념으로 모든 사업에 접목되어야 하며, 종합적 사업으로 추진되어야 한다. 끝으로 범죄예방 환경디자인 사업 역시 시민참여가 필수이지만, 양적인 부분 치중보다는 시민참여를 위한 자연스러운 유도에 방점을 찍어야 한다. 범죄예방 환경디자인 사업은 짧은 시간에 단편적인 만족도를 끌어낼 순 있으나, 지역 특성을 무시한 채 모든 대상지에 일괄적으로 적용된다면 실효성이지속할 수 있을지에 대해 의문을 가져야 한다. 지역 정체성을 반영하는 범죄예방 환경디자인 사업은 성공도가 높아 지역경제 활성화에도 이바지 할 수 있다고 판단되며, 지역관광사업과 유연한 연계가 있으면 성공 가능성이 높다. 참여와 협업을 통해 견고하게 완성된 범죄예방 환경디자인 사업은 도시만들기에 있어서 또 하나의 마중물로 긍정적인 파급효과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.Since 2003, crimes in Korea has exceeded 2 million cases a year, and crime prevention, which has relied on limited police force, has revealed its limitations. The central government and local governments recognized that there was a limit to resolving crimes only through the public role, such as crackdowns by limited police forces, punishment and education of criminals. The project was promoted by accepting the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED) as a crime prevention plan. This study aims to derive the implications of project promotion by reviewing the domestic crime prevention through environmental design business cases promoted by the central government and local governments after the wanton murder case of Gangnam Station. In addition, it is intended to examine how the crime prevention diagnosis teams of public officials and police in charge of the crime show different perceptions about the crime prevention through environmental design project. Through consideration of the implications of the project and the perceived differences between the business entities, we would like to propose an effective business promotion plan for the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED) project, which is actively being introduced at the crime prevention level. First, local governments should secure the organizational structure and necessary manpower necessary to carry out the project, and secure a sufficient project budget. Second, the local government and the police must exchange information and cooperate at every stage of the project. Third, it is necessary to clarify the roles and responsibilities of the participants while establishing a collaborative system of crime prevention through environmental design. Fourth, by actively promoting the results of the crime prevention through environmental design project, local residents should be able to clearly recognize the effectiveness of the crime prevention environment design. Fifth, crime prevention through environmental design project is an essential concept in terms of creating a safe urban environment and should be applied to all projects and promoted as a comprehensive project. Lastly, the crime prevention through environmental design project is also essential for citizen participation, but it should focus on natural induction for citizen participation rather than quantitative emphasis. The crime prevention through environmental design project can bring out partial satisfaction in a short period of time, but it is necessary to question whether the effectiveness can be sustained if it is applied collectively to all target areas, ignoring regional characteristics. The crime prevention through environmental design project that reflects regional identity is highly successful, and is thought to contribute to the revitalization of the regional economy. Also, if there is a flexible connection with the regional tourism business, the chances of success will be high. It is expected that the crime prevention through environmental design project, which has been solidly completed through participation and collaboration, will have a positive ripple effect in creating cities.
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