A Study on Antioxidants and Iron nutritional status in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with and without Coronary Heart Disease

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an endocrinal disorder. Patients with type 2 diabetes are at high risk for several cardiovascular disorders: coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. Materials & Methods: This, case control study was conducted on 60 subjects. Among them 20 were controls, 20 were known Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients and 20 were Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients with coronary heart disease. A laboratory investigations consisting of glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDLC, LDLC, Vitamin E, MDA, Ceruloplasmin, Ferritin, Iron, TIBC and Transferrin were carried out on fasting blood sample of subjects selected for this study. Results: In the present study, FBS, PPBS, total cholesterol, LDL-Cholesterol, VLDL-Cholesterol and antioxidant parameters such as MDA, Ceruloplasmin and ferritin were significantly increased in T2DM patients and T2DM patients with coronary heart disease when compared to controls. Vitamin E and HDL cholesterol was significantly decreased. Iron, TIBC and Transferrin did not show significant difference. ( p value <0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study is in accordance to earlier studies, that there is dyslipidemia, increased lipid peroxidation, inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetics compared to non diabetics; and the oxidative stress further increases as diabetes to cardiovascular diseases. These observations suggest that supportive therapy aimed at the reduction of dyslipidemia and oxidative stress may prevent the development and progression of vascular complications, responsible for the increased mortality and morbidity associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Future large prospective studies are recommended.