A single layer SIW H-plane Horn Antenna with nearly equal E- and H-plane beamwidths

Abstract

ABSTRACT In this paper, a novel Single-layer Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) H-plane horn antenna with equal beamwidths in the principal planes is proposed. To equalize radiation patterns in E- and H-plane, descending tapered-length triangular grated transitions are used at the aperture of the horn. Then, an elliptical dielectric slab with ascending tapered-diameter air holes is utilized to improve the gain and bandwidth of the antenna. Its radiation patterns in E- and H-plane are nearly equal and the H-plane planar horn antenna works as a 3D pyramidal horn. The antenna has small dimensions of 76.62 mm × 22.9 mm × 3.175 mm (5.62λ0 × 1.68λ0 × 0.23λ0). It covers the frequency range of 17 GHz-26 GHz with S11 < −10 dB, i.e., 41% bandwidth. The gain of the antenna is 12.6 dBi ± 2.5 dBi over the operational bandwidth. The proposed horn antenna is a suitable feed for small symmetric reflectors with negligible blockage and respectable efficiency. To validate the simulation results, the antenna is fabricated and tested. There is a good agreement between the simulation and measurement results.