A semi-analytical model for the scale-dependent friction of nanosized asperity

Abstract

The friction of a nanosized spherical asperity in commensurate contact with a flat substrate is investigated by performing molecular dynamics simulations. Particular focus is on the distribution of shear stress within the contact region. It is noticed that within the slip zone, the local friction coefficient defined by the ratio of shear stress to normal pressure declines monotonically as the distance to the contact center increases. With the lateral force increasing, the slip zone expands inwards from the contact edge. At the same time, the local friction coefficient at the contact edge decreases continuously, while that at the dividing between the slip and stick zones keeps nearly invariant. These characteristics are distinctly different from the prediction of the conventional Cattaneo-Mindlin model assuming a constant local friction coefficient within the entire slip zone. An analytical model is advanced in view of such new features and generalized based on numerous atomic simulation results. This model not only accurately characterizes the interfacial shear stress, but also explains the size-dependence of static friction of single nanosized asperity.