A review on recent progress in battery thermal management system in electric vehicle application

Abstract

Global challenges of energy crisis and air pollution have presented a tremendous opportunity for the development of electric cars. Li-ion batteries are crucial for electric cars (EVs). Nevertheless, Li-ion batteries are sensitive to the operating temperature and only function optimally within a certain temperature range. Hence, EVs require a battery thermal management system (BTMS). A cooling system's advantage is that it prevents the premature deterioration of battery life. This article examines several battery temperature management techniques and classifies them as either active or passive. In addition, the hybrid BTMS with an active/passive combination is described. This article gives an overview of current advancements in the direction of BTMS with direct and indirect cooling technologies, as well as key insights into hybrid BTMS.