Abstract
This article presents a review of the current research into the diamond retention capacity of metal matrices, which largely determines the service life and working performance of diamond tools. The constitution of diamond retention capacity, including physical adsorption force, mechanical inlaying force, and chemical bonding force, are described. Improved techniques are summarized as three major types: (1) surface treatment of the diamond: metallization and roughening of the diamond surface; (2) modification of metal matrix: the addition of strong carbide forming elements, rare earth elements and some non-metallic elements, and pre-alloying or refining of matrix powders; (3) change in preparation technology: the adjustment of the sintering process and the application of new technologies. Additionally, the methods used in the evaluation of diamond retention strength are introduced, including three categories: (1) instrument detection methods: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, energy dispersive spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy; (2) mechanical test methods: bending strength analytical method, tension ring test method, and other test methods for chemical bonding strength; (3) mechanical calculation methods: theoretical calculation and numerical computation. Finally, future research directions are discussed.
Highlights
Diamond tools are widely used for cutting, grinding, sawing, drilling, and polishing hard materials, such as stone, concrete, cemented carbides, optical glass, advanced ceramics, and other difficult-to-process materials [1,2,3]
The service life and working efficiency of diamond tools depends on the diamond retention capacity
The tension ring test method can directly characterize the holding strength by the maximal circumferential stress, but it is rarely used at present because of its lack of practicability, compared to the bending strength analytical method
Summary
Diamond tools are widely used for cutting, grinding, sawing, drilling, and polishing hard materials, such as stone, concrete, cemented carbides, optical glass, advanced ceramics, and other difficult-to-process materials [1,2,3]. This is due to diamond’s unique physicochemical characteristics, namely its extreme hardness and high strength, as well as its good abrasion resistance and low thermal expansion [4]. Among these three categories of diamond tools, metal-bonded diamond tools are the most widely used because of the high bonding strength, good formability and long service life, especially in processing hard and brittle material [6].
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