A quantitative review of slurries for hydrogen storage – Slush hydrogen, and metal and chemical hydrides in carrier liquids

Abstract

Methods of storing hydrogen for energy applications have been widely discussed, both across time and by people from various organisations and backgrounds. Recently, interest in hydrogen storage has developed for space exploration, for both terrestrial and extra-terrestrial applications, and more recently by politicians and business leaders for displacing carbon-intensive fuels. Hydrogen storage options range from solid to gas phases, with several detailed reviews focussing on metal hydrides such as alkali-earth alloys, chemical hydrides such as ammonia, and liquid organic carriers available. An overlooked part of the literature has been hydrogen storage in slurries, where each method of storage has unique advantages, challenges, and stages of research and development. Here, we focus on reviewing the literature on slush hydrogen and slurries of metal and chemical hydrides.