Abstract
Stingless bees are very sensitive to the changes of surrounding temperature. A report stated that fertility rate in broodcell is 0% when the broodcell temperature is higher than 34°C or lower than 26°C. In addition, propolis made honey pot in a honey cassette also could melt when temperature is high. Therefore, the objective of this research is to investigate the temperature profile of a ventilated honey cassette exposed to outdoor conditions, and to evaluate the temperature regulation in the hive using the ventilated honey cassette. To achieve these objectives, two hives with conventional and ventilated honey cassettes were exposed under sun light in cloudy and sunny day. Temperature inside each hive was measured at 3 points and was compared. It was found that there is no significant different between the hives when both hives were exposed under direct sunlight in a cloudy day. However, two significant improvements were found for ventilated hive in sunny day. It could help to reduce temperature at wall of honey cassette consistently below 33°C. This could avoid the melting of propolis around the ventilated wall area. Furthermore, it could facilitate in better temperature reduction as compared to the conventional honey cassette. However, further study when there is a colony inside the hives must also be conducted to validate the results.
Highlights
Stingless bees predate the stinging honey bee, and was found in the tropical earth for over 65 million years
Cooling methods by photovoltaic-thermoelectric and green roof were proposed to prevent overheating of hives when subjected to direct sunlight conditions
There is no significant difference in temperature between conventional and ventilated hive in all points
Summary
Stingless bees predate the stinging honey bee, and was found in the tropical earth for over 65 million years. They have diversify species in tropical and subtropical areas. Temperature of hive for more than 34°C causes 0% fertility rate because of the death of pupae in broodcell [3]. Another study suggested that the temperature inside a hive must be around 31-32°C for Trigona denoiti [4]. In natural hives, they live in shaded area inside hole in trees that could provide insulation, and this makes temperature inside the hive is relatively constant [5]. Cooling methods by photovoltaic-thermoelectric and green roof were proposed to prevent overheating of hives when subjected to direct sunlight conditions
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