A Novel Digital Technique for Measuring the Accuracy of an Indirect Bonding Technique Using Fixed Buccal Multibracket Appliances.

Ignacio Faus-Matoses,Álvaro Zubizarreta-Macho,Vanessa Paredes-Gallardo,Vicente Faus-Matoses,Clara Guinot Barona

doi:10.3390/jpm11090932

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the accuracy and predictability of the indirect bonding technique of fixed buccal multibracket appliances using a customized iterative closest point algorithm. Materials and Methods: A total of 340 fixed buccal multibracket appliances were virtually planned and bonded on 34 experimental anatomically based acrylic resin models by using orthodontic templates designed and manufactured to indirectly bond the fixed buccal multibracket appliances. Afterwards, the models were submitted to a three-dimensional impression technique by an intraoral scanner, and the standard tessellation language digital files from the virtual planning and the digital impression were aligned, segmented, and realigned using morphometric software. Linear positioning deviations (mm) of the fixed buccal multibracket appliances were quantified at mesio-distal, bucco-lingual/palatal, and gingival/occlusal (vertical) planes, and angular deviations (°) were also recorded by analyzing the torque, tip, and rotation using a customized iterative closest point algorithm, the script for which allowed for an accuracy measurement procedure by comparing the tessellation network positioning of both standard tessellation language digital files. Results: The mean mesio-distal deviation was −0.065 ± 0.081 mm, the mean bucco-lingual/palatal deviation was 0.129 ± 0.06 m, the mean vertical deviation was −0.094 ± 0.147 mm, the mean torque deviation was −0.826 ± 1.721°, the mean tip deviation was −0.271 ± 0.920°, and the mean rotation deviation was −0.707 ± 0.648°. Conclusion: The indirect bonding technique provides accurate and predictable positioning of fixed buccal multibracket appliances.

Highlights

It was reported that the outcome of orthodontic treatment is directly related to the correct positioning of fixed multibracket appliances on the enamel surface of the clinical crown of teeth [1]
Nawrocka et al [3], Duarte et al [4], and Guenther and Larson [5] highlighted the accuracy of the fixed multibracket appliance placement at the beginning of the orthodontic treatment and reported its influence on the outcome of the tooth positioning at the end of the orthodontic treatment
The direct bonding method consists of a one-stage procedure, involving placing the fixed multibracket appliance directly on the enamel surface [5]; the digital indirect bonding procedure requires a digital planning approach of the fixed multibracket appliance placement, using specific orthodontic planning software before transferring the information of the bracket positioning using a three-dimensional printed template [4,5]

Summary

Introduction

It was reported that the outcome of orthodontic treatment is directly related to the correct positioning of fixed multibracket appliances on the enamel surface of the clinical crown of teeth [1]. The indirect bonding procedure has resulted in significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower deviation values (−0.20 ± 0.8 mm, −0.05 ± 0.10 mm, and 0.02 ± 0.05◦ in the vertical, horizontal, and angular planes, respectively) compared to conventional direct bonding procedures (−0.27 ± 0.46 mm, −0.11 ± 0.30 mm, and 0.08 ± 0.14◦ in the vertical, horizontal, and angular planes, respectively) [6] It requires fewer fixed multibracket appliance placement corrections during the orthodontic treatment, reducing working time and making the experience more comfortable for the patient [1,7,8,9]. The adjustment of the three-dimensional printed template, the doctor experience, the three-dimensional printed template material, and the isolation conditions can affect the accuracy of the three-dimensional printed template, and the outcome of the fixed multibracket appliance placement [10]

Objectives

Discussion

Conclusion