Abstract
A new species Philosina nigromacula Yu & Jin, 2024 is described from Sichuan, southwest China, with paratypes from Sichuan and Jiangxi, east China. The new species is generally similar to Philosina buchi Ris, 1917 but has a different abdominal color pattern. There is a strange sack-like structure on the end of the male genital ligula in P. buchi and P. nigromacula, which is described and discussed for the first time. The fragmented distribution of Philosina Ris, 1917 is also discussed as well as possible reasons for the origins of the genus. The need for protection of the small number of species contained within the unique genus Philosina is also emphasized.
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