A new method to extend the stress response of triboluminescent crystals by using hydrogels

Anıl İncel,Subrayal M Reddy,Mustafa M Demir

doi:10.1016/j.matlet.2016.10.007

Anıl İncel, Subrayal M Reddy + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2016.10.007

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Polyacrylamide hydrogel entrapment of EuD4TEA or Cu(NCS)(py)2(PPh3) radically extends the emission time of the triboluminescent (TL) crystalline particles by a factor of 103, optimized when matching the hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristics of the TL/gel components. Triboluminescence intensity improves with hydration of the TL/hydrogel composite. The composites may be used in impact-related sensor applications.

Highlights

TL is defined as light emission resulting from the breaking of chemical bonds within crystalline particles after the application of mechanical force [1,2]
The control over emission time of TL signals can potentially increase the application of TL materials for example, in the chemical sensing of impact related damage to fragile and metastable components such as electronics and packaged foods
In terms of polymer-based TL composites, there are some studies such as ZnS:Mn/polymer composite [9], ZnO tetrapod filled elastomers [10], EuD4TEA incorporated within polymer films [11], diblock copolymers integrated inorganic TL materials [12] that have been carried out to understand the concept of TL materials within solid matrices

Summary

Introduction

TL is defined as light emission resulting from the breaking of chemical bonds within crystalline particles after the application of mechanical force [1,2]. The integration of TL materials into solid matrices is critically important to enhance the applicability of these materials in a variety of force-induced sensor platform. The control over emission time (i.e. until any emission could be measured upon mechanical action) of TL signals can potentially increase the application of TL materials for example, in the chemical sensing of impact related damage to fragile and metastable components such as electronics and packaged foods. The synthesis of TL materials under different solvents can directly affect the size of crystals, and TL emission time of compounds [5,6,7,8]. Two organometallic crystals (europium tetrakis (dibezonlymethide) triethylammonium, EuD4TEA and copper (I) thiocyanate bipyridine triphenly phosphine Cu(NCS)(py)2(PPh)3) with different emission wavelengths were obtained and integrated within hydrogel systems resulting in (previously unreported) extended TL emission. The emission of the TL materials of the two crystals was examined in N-hydroxymethylacrylamide (NHMA), N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylamide (AA) hydrogel matrices

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