Abstract
In the hierarchical structure of a wide area measurement system (WAMS), the measurements obtained by phasor measurement units (PMUs) in a local area are first submitted to the related phasor data concentrator (PDC), and then to the power system control center. In this paper, a new method for the optimal placement of PMUs as well as PDCs in local networks of a WAMS is proposed. This method minimizes the probability of failures in data transmission from PMUs to PDCs. In the proposed method, first it is assumed that PMUs are installed on all system buses. Then, the redundant PMUs will be omitted one after the other in a multi-stage procedure. The multi-stage elimination procedure is such that in each stage the arrangement of PMUs–PDC with the highest reliability will be kept. The IEEE 14-, 30-, as well as 118-bus test systems are used to demonstrate the proposed algorithm and to verify the results. In numerical simulations, the power system observability is treated in various conditions such as the base case, N−1 condition and the case of considering the single line outage.
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