Abstract
The heart of the current wireless communication systems (including 5G) is the Fourier transform-based orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM). Over time, a lot of research has proposed the wavelet transform-based OFDM as a better replacement of Fourier in the physical layer solutions because of its performance and ability to support network-intensive applications such as the Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, we weigh the wavelet transform performances against the future wireless application system requirements and propose guidelines and approaches for wavelet applications in 5G waveform design. This is followed by a detailed impact on healthcare. Using an image as the test data, a comprehensive performance comparison between Fourier transform and various wavelet transforms has been done considering the following 5G key performance indicators (KPIs): energy efficiency, modulation and demodulation complexity, reliability, latency, spectral efficiency, effect of transmission/reception under asynchronous transmission, and robustness to time-/frequency-selective channels. Finally, the guidelines for wavelet transform use are presented. The guidelines are sufficient to serve as approaches for tradeoffs and also as the guide for further developments.
Highlights
The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has defined the expectations for 5G New Radio (NR). e 5G requirements are classified into enhanced mobile broadband, ultrareliable low-latency communication (URLLC), and massive machine-type communication
In an orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) system, at the transmitter, data to be transmitted are mapped to a constellation, split into parallel, and modulated using the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT)
We present the bit error rate (BER) versus signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) plot for each candidate and some images to show their qualities at a varied SNR
Summary
OFDM is the most popular multicarrier modulation scheme that is currently being employed in many standards such as the downlink of 4G LTE and the IEEE 802.11 family [34]. In an OFDM system, at the transmitter, data to be transmitted are mapped to a constellation, split into parallel, and modulated using the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT). E key process here is modulation, where signals are mapped from the frequency domain to the time domain and multiplexed. E modulation process is mathematically the summation of N tones described in [35] and mathematically expressed in the following equation: N−1 xn(t) sk[n]ej((2kπ)/T)t. E multiplexed data symbol yn(t) on the baseband is passed through a channel with transfer function H(f), which is expressed mathematically in the following equation: yn(t). E orthogonality between two adjacent sinusoids is defined in the following equation: N/2. OFDM, as opposed to a single-carrier system, has the ability to cope with frequencyselective fading because data are divided and transmitted in parallel streams on a modulated set of subcarriers. OFDM, as opposed to a single-carrier system, has the ability to cope with frequencyselective fading because data are divided and transmitted in parallel streams on a modulated set of subcarriers. is approach results in the efficient use of bandwidth
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