A LIPID PROFILE STUDY AMONGST THE CASES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS - A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: India leads the world with largest number of diabetic cases and is often referred to as the diabetes capital. Diabetic dyslipidemia in India is one of the main causes for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) mortality of the world. Dyslipidemia are disorders of lipoprotein metabolism, including lipoprotein overproduction or deficiency. It is a preventable risk factor which is mostly observed in diabetes cases and that may precipitate the cardiovascular disorders. Our aim of the study is to determine the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on lipid profile of diabetic cases reporting at tertiary care hospital. Materials and methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted at Department of Biochemistry, Patna Science College, Patna, Bihar. Total 140 diabetic cases were randomly selected and they were examined for dyslipidemia. Fasting blood glucose concentration and Lipid Profile [Total Cholesterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) and Triglycerides (TG)] were investigated by using commercially available reagent kits in Biochemistry analyzer. Collected data was analyzed by using appropriate software. Results: Out of total 140 diabetic cases examined, the mean age of cases was 48.93 ± 12.1 years. In present study we found the mean Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) was 188.76 ± 54.63 mg/dl. The prevalence rates in our study for high Total Cholesterol (TC) and Triglycerides (TG) were 13.6% and 41.4% respectively. The prevalence rates for high LDL-C, very high LDL-C and low HDL-C in the diabetic subjects were 8.6%, 5.0% and 72.9% respectively. Conclusion: The diabetic cases had elevated serum total cholesterol, elevated triglyceride (triacylglycerol) and slightly elevated low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and reduced levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) indicating that diabetic cases were more prone to cardiovascular diseases. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Dyslipidemia, Triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, Total Cholesterol.