Abstract
Background: Intestinal polyps of the colon and rectum consist of hyperplastic polyps, adenomas and mixed polyps. The aim is to study the benign intestinal polyps histopathologically and classify them into specific groups, frequency of each subgroup and their sex and age incidence. Here aim is also to find their premalignant potential. Methods: It is a retrospective pathological study of 23 cases of intestinal polyps which included 16 resected intestinal specimens and 7 polypectomies. Haematoxylin and eosin stained paraffin sections were studied microscopically and categorised under WHO classification with special note to their malignant potential. Results: The present study was done with 23 cases of benign polyps of the intestine during the period 2011-2013. Juvenile polyps constituted 52% of polyps followed by equal incidence of villous, tubular and tubulovillous adenomas - each 8.6%. Hyperplastic polyps, pseudopolyps (Crohns disease), inflammatory fibroid polyp and ectopic pancreas were the least common group with equal incidence (4.3%). In the age group 0-9 years (47.8%) the juvenile polyps were seen. The oldest patient was 73 years. The male to female ratio was 16:7. Tubular and tubulovillous adenomas showed malignant change with age incidence 52 and 73 years respectively. Rectum was the most common site of polyps (39%). In each case of PeutzJeghers syndrome and Familial adenomatous polyposis, polyps were multiple. Conclusion: Juvenile polyps the most common type, found commonly in rectum and in the age group of 0-9 years.Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and PeutzJeghers polyps are not uncommon since they were diagnosed in this study of small number of cases.The incidence of malignancy in polyps is 9%. Malignant potential is seen in tubular and tubulovillous polyps.Ectopic pancreas can present as a polyp.
Highlights
A gastrointestinal (GI) polyp is a discrete soft-tissue mass protruding into the lumen.[1,2] Colorectal polyps are common with the majority being epithelial polyps consisting of adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps
The World Health Organisation (WHO) classifies adenomas into tubular (
Juvenile polyposis coli syndrome (JPS) denotes multiple juvenile or inflammatory polyps distributed throughout the colon or GI tract
Summary
A gastrointestinal (GI) polyp is a discrete soft-tissue mass protruding into the lumen.[1,2] Colorectal polyps are common with the majority being epithelial polyps consisting of adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps. The other less common polyps are nonepithelial polyps consisting of inflammatory, and hamartomatous (Juvenile and Peutz-Jeghers) polyps.[1,3]. Pathologists usually receive specimens in the form of biopsies or endoscopic polypectomies. The pathologist’s role is to establish a diagnosis, and categorize them into the type of polyp and to determine whether the lesion has been adequately excised. It is important to note that a biopsy of a polypoid lesion is similar to examining the “tip of the iceberg”. Awareness of the endoscopic appearance of the polyp prior to making any final decision regarding the nature of the lesion is of great importance.[4]
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