A general approach to calculate the stiffness tensor of short‐fiber composites using the fabric tensor determined by X‐ray computed tomography

Abstract

AbstractIn this work, a general method to predict the stiffness tensor of short‐fiber composites as a function of the fabric tensor (i.e. the tensor describing the architectural anisotropy of the micro‐structure), determined by X‐ray computed tomography, is presented. The proposed method does not depend on the type of fabric tensor used to characterize the symmetry properties of the composite. The experimental data used for method validation were obtained from thermoplastic composite matrices reinforced with short carbon and basalt fibers. The components of the stiffness tensor were calculated using the Mori‐Tanaka model and the Halpin‐Tsai equation for the stiffness of aligned short‐fiber composites, but other micromechanics models could be used as well. The statistical alignment of the fibers in each portion of the sample was measured by determining the principal axes of the fabric tensor. The average properties calculated on sub‐volumes provided moduli values in very good agreement with those determined experimentally. This approach is very general and easy to implement and does not need any numerical analysis tools.