Abstract

Real-time neutron detection (monitoring) is based on the ability of atoms of inert radioactive gases generated by nuclear reactions to easily escape from the crystalline lattice of certain solid substances. An inert radioactive gas produced in a detector ampule is transferred by a carrier gas to a proportional gas-flow counter. The decay rate of the inert gas, which is uniquely related to the neutron-flux density in the ampule, is measured with this flow counter. This method is applied to monitor the neutron flux in the RADEX pulse neutron target driven by the linear proton accelerator of the Moscow Meson Facility at the Russian Academy of Sciences' Institute for Nuclear Research. By simultaneously using several nuclear reactions with different threshold energies of inert-gas production, it is possible to measure neutron spectra.

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