A Communication for Development Approach to Eradicating Polio: India Succeeds

Abstract

Communication for development (C4D), has been identified as a major factor in eradication of Polio in India. India has been hailed as a success as it saw innovative use of epidemiological data and application of multiple communication channels, especially for the Polio eradication programme. It has also been perceived that communication for Polio eradication has mostly promoted Polio-vaccine drops whereas the main causal factors such as low rates of routine immunization, poor sanitation, lack of clean drinking water, and poor nutrition that are responsible for spread of Polio virus have not been promoted have not been promoted as the behavior-change content. The research was held in sub-urban clusters around the capital city of Delhi inhabited by migrants from two Indian states. The research documented that the knowledge and perceptions of large number of communities are very low with regard to recalling any causal factors which lead to Polio transmission. Research concludes, for behaviours to change, that cultural taboos, societal norms and structural inequalities need to be taken into consideration, including special emphasis on migrant settlers. Communication strategies have to be cognizant of and in tune with the policy and legislative environment and also linked to the service delivery aspects for the most vulnerable and socially-excluded.