Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the role of anion channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of skeletal muscle. Anion channels could act as C1 – channels to provide a counterion current during Ca 2+ fluxes across the SR membrane, which occur with each contraction relaxation cycle of the muscle fiber. Alternatively, or at the same time, anion channels could be specialized channels for the transport of other anions, such as acidic amino acids, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), or phosphate ions. These anions are present in concentrations that are equivalent to that of intracellular Cl – and although they cross the SR membrane, their transport pathways are not identified. The mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), an extensively studied intracellular anion channel, is not activated by Ca 2+ . A unique, second messenger-inhibited and Ca 2+ -activated, anion channel in the SR of mammalian skeletal muscle, named as “SCl” (small chloride) channel is described in the chapter. The primary role of the SCl channel is phosphate transport and may play a pivotal role in muscle fatigue.
Published Version
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