Abstract
In this work, the ionic liquid [Aliquat][Cl] was supported into alginate and silica aerogel matrices and applied as a catalyst in the cycloaddition reaction between CO2 and a bio-based epoxide (limonene oxide). The efficiency of the alginate aerogel system is much higher than that of the silica one. The method of wet impregnation was used for the impregnation of the aerogel with [Aliquat][Cl] and a zinc complex. The procedure originated a well-defined thin solvent film on the surface of support materials. Final materials were characterised by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, N2 Adsorption–Desorption Analysis, X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption and Field Emission Scanning Microscopy. Several catalytic tests were performed in a high-pressure apparatus at 353.2 K and 4 MPa of CO2.
Highlights
The utilization of CO2 as starting material to produce cyclic carbonates is a very active field of research
Several mechanistic studies showed that the ionic liquid plays a crucial role in the reaction kinetics, with the anion being responsible for the nucleophilic attack to the epoxide ring, which is the rate-determining step [8,9,10,11]
Theand zinc complex used in thiscarried work was synthesized
Summary
The utilization of CO2 as starting material to produce cyclic carbonates is a very active field of research. Besides negligible vapour pressure, one of the most remarkable features of ionic liquids is their tuneable solvent power, through the possibility to “design” its physicochemical properties by changing the anion/cation pair [14] In this context, several authors have explored their utilization covalently attached or physically adsorbed onto solid materials suitable for fixed bed operations [15]. Several authors have explored their utilization covalently attached or physically adsorbed onto solid materials suitable for fixed bed operations [15] This approach is known as Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (SILP) catalysis [16]. Aerogels the zinc complex (Zn) and/or the ionic liquid [Aliquat][Cl] (IL) are Resultswith and Discussion summarized in
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