Abstract

The composition of equilibrium reaction mixtures formed in reaction of urea with formaldehyde in neutral, aqueous solution, has been determined by 13C-NMR analysis. The equilibrium constants have been calculated for all possible methylolation reactions, involved in formation of asymmetric N,N-dimethylolurea and tetramethylolurea. The equilibrium constants for formation of hemiformal groups on secondary and tertiary urea nitrogen atoms were determined and the correlation was found between these constants and the electron density on the carbon atom of the methylol group, as characterized by the 13CH 2 chemical shift. The value of the constant in formation of dimethylene-ether bridges was also determined.

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