Abstract
Tissue engineering is considered a promising alternative due to the limitations of conventional treatment approach. In addition to existing bone grafts, new alternative bone scaffolds continue to be produced by several manufacturing processes. Various producing methods have been applied to develop porous three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds containing a range of biomaterials that are able to aid and direct bone regeneration. Natural bone structure is a heterogeneous composite material comprising organic components (Type I collagen, lipids, and noncollagenous proteins) and inorganic components (hydroxyapatite, calcium phosphate, etc.). During the fabrication of the scaffold, it would make sense to incorporate a compound of materials to form a composite scaffold that possibly allows for better scaffold biological activity and biomimicry structural design. Therefore, after reviewing the properties of skeletal manufacturing methods, this chapter will investigate some of the crucial composites recently used in bone tissue engineering.
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