Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses different uses and methods of epidemiology. Occupational health is concerned with the health of individuals and of groups of workers. In an occupational health service, much of the daily routine is devoted to the placement of the individual in suitable work, to his or her medical treatment, and for protection against environmental hazards. Descriptive epidemiology is concerned mainly with the distribution of disease in a population. It furnishes data on the types of diseases in a community and their relative importance in terms of illness, disability, and mortality. Epidemiological studies may be classified as cross-sectional and longitudinal. In a cross-sectional study, measurements of possible cause and effect are made at the same time. In a longitudinal study, observations relate to different points in time even if both items of information are collected simultaneously.
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