Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses airborne contaminants. Many industrial processes produce airborne contaminants and their most common route of absorption is by inhalation. As world industry and the speed of production grow, the volume and variety of contaminants increase so that potential risks also increase. Most industrial processes involve known materials. Occasionally their composition is obscure or uncertain, perhaps through the use of proprietary formulations and trade names or the formation of unexpected by-products in chemical reactions. The identification of unknown air constituents occasionally calls for highly specialized tools, such as emission, x-ray, or mass spectroscopy. The identification of allergenic materials may require clinical tests of sensitization. In evaluating dusts or fumes of variable composition, it may be necessary to separately identify and assay one or several toxic components sampled under various working conditions. Both the physical and chemical properties of individual contaminants may be used in measurement techniques, selecting a property that is specific to the substance so as to minimize any interference from similar or unrelated compounds that may be present.
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