Abstract
Fossil fuels have been used to fulfill mankind’s energy requirements for a long time but there are many disadvantages to using fossil fuels as they play a major role in polluting our environment. The resulting environmental pollution and depletion of fossil fuels have provided the impetus to develop alternative renewable fuels, such as biofuels. Biofuels are eco-friendly, completely combustible, and nontoxic, which makes them a potential green alternative to replace fossil fuels. Biofuels are produced from lignocellulosic plant residues, which contain polysaccharides and proteins as a byproduct of the biomass pretreatment process. These proteins can also be converted into biofuels with the help of proteases which catalyze the conversion by breaking down the protein molecules. Moreover, the development of this technology will increase the efficiency of production of biofuels by utilization of byproducts of the pretreatment process. This field of research has so far attracted a low number of studies but is gaining attention gradually. This chapter gives a summary of the utilization of protein-rich biomass waste in biofuel production using protease enzymes. The production, classification, and application of proteases with the help of a number of studies are also discussed in this chapter.
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