Abstract
The merging of immunology and nanotechnology has birthed innovative methods for detecting human viral pathogens, enriching science and technology. Nanotechnology's strides have expanded its applications in medicine, molecular biology, immunology, and pharmaceutics. This chapter delves into the convergence of nanoscience and viral pathogen detection, aiming to overcome the limitations of established methods like electron microscopy, immunological assays, and polymerase chain reaction. The focal point is integrating nanotechnology into viral pathogen detection, capitalizing on nanomaterials' unique properties. This approach promises to surmount existing shortcomings, enhancing diagnostic precision and efficiency. The chapter advocates for a multidisciplinary fusion, combining virology, immunology, and nanotechnology to tackle challenges comprehensively. This amalgamation holds the potential to improve detection accuracy and address secondary impacts of viral pathogens on health and the environment. The exploration of nanotechnology-driven detection unfolds across nanomaterial-based biosensors, nanoparticle-assisted imaging, and lab-on-a-chip systems. It delves into nanoparticle–virus interactions, highlighting their role in viral capture and identification. The chapter underscores the synergy between immune recognition and nanotechnology-enabled amplification, suggesting a paradigm shift in diagnostic protocols.
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