Abstract

This chapter deals with databases, although they are not really an object-oriented feature but rather state-of-the art, describing many issues, including Structured Query Language (SQL) as the most important query language for databases. A database system offers more than fundamental tools for the tasks—defines a new table, insert and remove records from these tables, find data in these tables, and change individual data fields in these tables. A database system supports additional activities, such as monitoring for unauthorized access, data security, or control of concurrent access attempts by several programs. Databases offer several benefits over individual files. First, a database can be protected easily, because everything is centralized, so one command is enough to protect things. Second, a database offers many options to protect data against unauthorized access. An important advantage of databases is a mechanism called recovery. When an error occurs, such as a program crash, this mechanism ensures that the database maintains a consistent state.

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